Governing fuel-pump



' A. F. CHRISTMAS, GOVERNING FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.28, 1918.

Patented Sept. 7, 1920 n w a ADOLPH IF. CHRISTMAS, OF.EASTON,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND PATENT OFFICE.

COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

GOVERNING FUEL-PUMP.

naaaoao.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '7, 1920.

Application filed September 28, 19181" Serial No. 256,129.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ADoLrH F CnRIs'r- MAS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Easton, in the county of Northampton and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inGoverning F uel-Pumps, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel pump andv The objects of the presentinvention are to provide a fuel pump for internal combustion engineswhich will accurately control and vary the amount of fuel required oneach stroke, to provide a pump that will always start pumping the fuelat exactly the desired point in the stroke of the engine and willcontinue the pumping until just a suflicient amount of oil has beenadmitted into the combustion chamber after which the remaining amount ofoil displaced by the pump plunger will be by-passed back into the fuelsupply. Another object of the invention is to provide-a fuel pump forinternal combustion engines which will be very sensitive to variationsin the position of the governor and that will be simple, rugged and noteasily put out of order.

with the above and other objects view my invention consists in thefeatures of construction and operation set forth inthe followingspecification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming apart hereof, in which I Figure 1 shows a top plan View of the pump; andI Fig. 2, a vertical section taken longitudinally of the pump.

Referring more particularly to the figures of the drawing, 1 refers tothe body portion of the injecting pump provided with a plunger or piston2 operating within a cylinder 3 provided within the body portion 1. Thecylinder at one end is provided with valve cages 4 in which are placedballs 5 acting as discharge valves for the fuel liquid and above thecylinder 3 the valve cages 4 connect with a fuel discharge pipe 6leading to the point of injection which may be in the form of aninjection nozzle placed within the combustion chamber. of the combustionengine. Below the cylinder 3 the body portion 1 is provided with aplurality of valve seats 7 against which rest the balls 8 serving assuction valves for the pump, below which is the fuel supply pipe 7.

The plunger 2 is operated within the cylinder'3 by means of a cam 9rigidly fastened to the shaft 10 to which is attached the crank arm 11.At the free end of crank arm 11 a connecting rod 12 is pivotallyattached, the opposite end of which is in attachment main shaft of theengine (not shown) by means of which it is given a movement insynchronism with the rotation of the main shaft and thus the plunger isforced forwardly into the cylinder 3 once for each revolution of thecrank shaft ofthe engine. The plunger 2 is guided in its movementswithin the cylinder 3' by means of a head 13 slidably fitted within aportion ofa bracket member. 14 securely fastened to the body portion 1by any well known means.

The above described mechanism provides a pump which will always pump thesame amount of fuel with eachstroke of the plunger 2. Also, thearrangementof the cam 9 is such that a portion of its movement does withan eccentric or cam mounted on the not aflect the movement of theplunger 2,

the plunger remaining stationary until a point is reachedin the path ofmovement of the cam as shown in Fig. 2at which point the velocity of thecam is at a maximum and at which point the pump begins its forwardstroke. The displacement of the plunger 2 within the cylind'erB at eachstroke is equal to or greater than the maximum amount of fuel requiredfor one power stroke of the engine. In order to permit the amount offuel pumped to be varied an extra valve 15 independent of the suctionand discharge valves of the pumps 5 and 8 respectively is providedconveniently located within a portion of or extension to the cylinder 3.This valve 15 may also be of the ball type having its seat provided inthe body portionl, as shown at 16. A spring 17 normally presses againstthe ball 15 and holds it securely against its seat so that all the fuelpumped by the plunger 2 must pass valve 15 remains closed.

out of the pump past nected to-a movable member of a governor the rod18. The cam ing movement of the cylinder.

is by-passed l charged through (not shown) so that with variations inthe speed of the engine the position of the lever 19 is varied.Depending is a wedge shaped finger 22, so placed that itslower end islocated directly in front of 9 is provided with an extension 23 in whicha plunger 2 1 is adapted to be retained and held in its forward positionby means of a spring 25 and held from being forced'out of its cavity ofnuts 26. Movement of the cam 9 with its projection 23 causes the plunger9A to impinge upon the wedge 22 which in turn forces the rod 18 to theright and unseats the valve 15. It is obvious that with the wedge 22 indifferent positions the valve 15 will be unseated at different points inthe movement of cam 9 and consequently in different points in the strokeof the plunger 2. The function for the plunger 21 is merely to permitthe continued movement of the cam 9 after the valve 15 has beenunseated. The-spring 25 is provided ofsufficient resistance tounseat'the valve 15 without causplunger 2 1 within its As soon as thevalve. 15 is unseat'ed fuel contained within the cylinder 3 throughvalve 15 into a pipe 27 through which it is passed back into the sourceof supply and no further fuel is disvalves 5.into the combustionchamber. For starting the engine a lever 23 is provided shown in dottedlines in Fig, 2 fitted to turn about the shaft 10 and operate acam 2.9to move the plunger 2 forwardly to deliver a charge of fuel to thecombustion chamber. 7

From the above it will be seen that a fuel pump has been provided whichwill pump a variable amount of fuel dependent upon the location of themovable members of the D u speeds of the engine.

the discharge valves the valve seat 16 to I rom the lever 19 by means,

.vary the amount of overnor and consequently sensitive to the It is tobe understood that the present showing and description disclose only onespecific embodiment ofthe present invention and that other forms andmodifications are,-

included within-the spirit and scope of the invention, as expressed inthe appended claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a fuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger adapted toreciprocate within a cylinder to force motive fluid from a source ofsupply into a combustion chamber, means for actuating said plunger a bpass valve normally held closed, a devic operatively connected to theplunger actuating means for opening the bypass valve,

and means controlled by a governor for controlling the opening of saidby-pass valve at variable points toward the end of the stroke of theplunger to vary the amount of fuel admitted to the combustion chamber.

2. In a fuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger adapted toreciprocate within a cylinder to force motive fluid from a source ofsupply into a combustion chamber, means for actuating the said plunger,a spring closed .valve and means operatively connected to said plungeractuating means and controlled by agovernor to open said valve toby-pass a portion of the fuel and fuel supplied to the combustionchamber.

l 3. In afuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger operatingwithin a cylinder to force fuel oil into an internal combustionenginefa'valve normally held closed and located within a portion of saidcylinder, means for ii'peratingsaid plunger and means under the controlof a governor to open.said valve at variable points toward the end ofthe stroke of the plunger without stopping the engine.

1; In a fuel pump for intefnal combustion engines, a plunger operatingwithin a cylin der to force fuel oil into said engine, a bypass valvenormally held closed during the early portion of the stroke of theplunger and means under the control of a governor to open said valvenear the end of the stroke of the plunger to bypass a portionof the fuelpumped without stopping the engine.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set roe

